26th International Conference on Advanced Materials, Nanotechnology and Engineering June 22-23, 2020 Brisbane, Australia

Carbon is firmly associated with nearly all that we manage in a regular schedule. Because of its extraordinary properties, for example, high solidness at natural conditions, diverse hybridizations, solid covalent bond arrangement and simple of mixes development, carbon has been a point of logical enthusiasm for a few regions. A nanostructure is a structure of middle size amongst minute and atomic structures. Nanostructural detail is microstructure at nanoscale.

Graphene is an allotrope of carbon as a two-dimensional, nuclear scale, hexagonal cross section in which one molecule shapes every vertex. It is the essential auxiliary component of different allotropes, including graphite, charcoal, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes. It can likewise be considered as an inconclusively substantial sweet-smelling atom, a definitive instance of the group of level polycyclic fragrant hydrocarbons.

Optical materials which are used in the construction of lenses, mirrors, windows, prisms, polarizers, detectors, and modulators. These materials serve to refract, reflect, transmit, disperse. Separation Materials. Materials in separations technologies: Structural Membranes: Structural membranes perform containment and flow functions on the macro level. Developing new materials for structural members with greater corrosion, erosion and wear resistance, and other enhanced properties will provide operational energy savings in terms of longer equipment lifetimes, fewer shutdowns, and novel equipment designs that conserve energy. However, such structural improvements will result in limited energy reduction of the separation process. Separation Agents: Separation agents perform on the micro or molecular level interacting chemically and physically with the components requiring separation. technologies. Development of new and advanced materials separating agents for high-energy separation technologies.

Nanomaterials are characterized as materials with no less than one outside measurement in the size extent from around 1-100 nanometers. Nanoparticles are items with each of the three outside measurements at the nanoscale. Nanoparticles that are normally happening e.g., volcanic powder, ash from woodland fires or are the accidental side effects of ignition procedures e.g., welding, diesel motors are generally physically and synthetically heterogeneous and frequently termed ultrafine particles. Built nanoparticles are deliberately delivered and planned with particular properties identified with shape, size, surface properties and science. These properties are reflected in mist concentrates, colloids, or powders. Regularly, the conduct of nanomaterial’s might depend more on surface region than molecule arrangement itself. World interest for nanomaterials will rise more than more than two times to $5.5 billion in 2016. Nanotubes, nanoclays and quantum dabs will be the quickest developing sorts. The vitality stockpiling and era and development markets will offer the best development prospects. China, India and the US will lead picks up among countries.This study dissects the $2 billion world nanomaterial industry. It presents recorded interest information for the years 2001, 2006 and 2011, and gauges for 2016 and 2021 by material e.g., metal oxides, chemicals and polymers, metals, nanotubes, market e.g., social insurance, gadgets, vitality era and capacity, development, world area and for 15 nations.

This scope includes the relationships which exist between the performance of electrical, optical, and magnetic devices and the microstructural characteristics of the materials from which they are constructed. Device applications of physical phenomena are considered, including electrical conductivity and doping, transistors, photodetectors and photovoltaics, luminescence, light emitting diodes, lasers, optical phenomena, photonics, ferromagnetism, and magnetoresistance.

Electronic materials which encompass semiconductors, dielectrics, ferroelectrics, half metals and superconductors. Warwick research includes epitaxial growth of a range of electronic materials; fabrication of devices from the materials and demonstration of their functionality for applications in healthcare, the low-carbon economy and information processing.

Nanometrology is the science of measurement at the nanoscale level. Nanometrology has a crucial role in order to produce nanomaterials and devices with a high degree of accuracy and reliability nanomanufacturing. This reference provides following further explanations: Nanometrology includes length or size measurements where dimensions are typically given in nanometres and the measurement uncertainty is often less than 1nm as well as measurement of force, mass, electrical and other properties. They also pinpoint importance of nanometrology for the future of nanotechnologies: Nanotechnologies, however defined, cannot progress independently of progress in nanometrology.

According to the reference research-oriented nanometrology is well established in research institutes and in industry. However, implementation of industrial nanometrology is still facing a variety of problems. The main differences between those two nanometrology streams can be identified in the area of precision, cost/efficiency and parameter types and of course conditions in which measurement takes place.

Nanosensors are platforms with a characteristic dimension - nanometer in scale, and work in much the same way as a sensor; they detect either minute particles or miniscule quantities of something. Nanosensors are chemical or mechanical sensors that can be used to detect the presence of chemical species and nanoparticles, or monitor physical parameters such as temperature, on the nanoscale.They find use in medical diagnostic applications, food and water quality sensing, and other chemicals.

Nanostructures have been described as novel materials whose size of elemental structure has been engineered at the nanometer scale. Materials in the nanometer size range commonly exhibit fundamentally new behavior. Moreover, intervention in the properties of materials at the nanoscale enables the creation of materials and devices with enhanced or completely new characteristics and functionalities. Understanding the science of nanomaterials is important and curiosity driven not only because of the fascinating nature of the subject but also for overwhelming and novel applications of nanoscale systems in almost all branches of technology. Nanotechnology can be understood as a technology of design, fabrication and application of nanostructures and nanomaterials. The field of nanoscience and nanotechnology is interdisciplinary in nature and it is being perused by physicists, chemists, materials scientists, biologists, engineers, computer scientists etc. Nanomaterials may be classified on the basis of dimensionality and modulation

The branch of nanotoxicology deals with the study relating to the toxicity of the nano materials, as it is imperative to know that how toxic a nano material is before using it for various applications. The effects and impacts on human health also needs to be assessed accordingly. The field of nanotoxicology has been growing fast, and literature reviews show that the results are not only numerous but also exciting.

Nanoclusters represent a group of nanoparticles having at least one nanoscale dimension and size distribution within a narrow range. They may be composed of the single atom of an element or combinations of atoms of different atom in stoichiometric ratios. The forces that hold these atoms together can be covalent, ionic, metallic, van der Waals forces, or hydrogen bonds. This difference in types of bonding forces involved is the basis of differentiation among the different clusters.

There are many definitions of these terms. We will define it as science and technology of structures made of materials or composites of inorganic and organic materials where at least one dimension is less than 100 nm, and in addition new phenomena are observed which result from such a small size.

Material with characteristic geometric dimensions below 100 nm and new properties resulting from the nanostructure. In the following text the term nano-sized material and nanostructured material will be frequently interchanged.

The major thrust of biomedical nanotechnology is to apply the benefits of nanotechnology to healthcare e.g., imaging and diagnostics; nanodrugs; drug delivery; prostheses; and implants; etc. Nanotechnology has been earlier used to improve drug properties. For example, pacliaxel Taxol, an anticancer drug, which is used to treat primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma, breast, colon, and lung cancers, exhibits low water solubility and, therefore, poor bioavailability. Therefore, it was formulated in Chremophor EL polyethoxylated castor oil, which has been implicated in several drug associated toxicities. To overcome these shortcomings associated with the use of Cremophor, paclitaxel bound to albumin nanoparticles Abraxane were developed for clinical use. There is a huge interest in employing nanotechnology for cancer drug delivery. The interest in cancer drug delivery stems from the fact that the nanoparticles passively target tumors by a process called enhanced permeability and retention EPR effect, as elucidated by Maeda and coworkers. It occurs because the tight junctions between endothelial cells of micro vessels measure around 2 nm 6 nm in kidney, liver, and spleen, whereas the pore size of tumor micro vessels varies from 100 to 1200 nm.

Nowadays, gene delivery for therapeutic objects is considered one of the most promising strategies to cure both the genetic and acquired diseases of human. The design of efficient gene delivery vectors possessing the high transfection efficiencies and low cytotoxicity is considered the major challenge for delivering a target gene to specific tissues or cells. On this base, the investigations on non-viral gene vectors with the ability to overcome physiological barriers are increasing. Among the non-viral vectors, nanoparticles showed remarkable properties regarding gene delivery such as the ability to target the specific tissue or cells, protect target gene against nuclease degradation, improve DNA stability, and increase the transformation efficiency or safety.

1. Nanoparticles in gene delivery
2. Lipid-based nanoparticles
3. Polymer-based nanoparticles
4. Inorganic nanoparticles

The recent advances in Polymer Chemistry such as the innovative Polymeric Smart materials, Application of Polymers in Medicinal field, their application in different domains of Science and Technology. The significant role of polymers in human life will be highlighted in this Conference and this will be a milestone in the revolution of Materials and Polymer Chemistry. Discussions related to Materials and Polymer Chemistry through variable means will definitely explore the new methods to improve the existing technologies and to develop new applications of the polymer with an aim to make the Environment Eco-Friendly.

The Materials used for Manufacturing of engineering products are termed engineering materials. These engineering materials are the backbone of all engineering products. The design, manufacturing, commercialization and performance of any engineering products are basically depends on the material being used for that product.

Nanostructured Materials (NsM) are materials with a microstructure the trademark length size of which is on the request of a couple (commonly 1–10) nanometers. NsM might be in or far from thermodynamic harmony. Nanostructured Materials combined by supramolecular science are cases of Nanostructured Materials in thermodynamic harmony. Nanostructured Materials comprising of nanometer-sized crystallites (e.g. of Au or NaCl) with various crystallographic introductions or potentially synthetic creations are far from thermodynamic harmony.

The term optoelectronics is a specific discipline of electronics that focuses on light-emitting or light-detecting devices. Light-emitting devices use voltage and current to produce electromagnetic radiation  i.e., light. Such light-emitting devices are commonly used for purposes of illumination or as indicator lights. In contrast, light-detecting devices, such as phototransistors, are designed to convert received electromagnetic energy into electric current or voltage. Light-detecting devices can be used for light sensing and communication. Examples of these include darkness-activated switches and remote controls. In general terms, light-detecting devices work by using photons to liberate bound electrons within semiconductor materials.

Nanomaterials are high importance nowadays in most fields such as Medicine, Chemotherapy, Drug delivery, Manufacturing processes, Paints, etc., because of their novel characteristics like increased strength, Chemical reactivity or conductivity. Artificially made nanomaterials are those which are engineered for an intention with the physio-chemical properties for a specific purpose or function. The methods of preparing nanomaterials also differ based on the purpose. Nanotechnology is highly used in detecting devices as their nanostructure with greater surface area per weight allows the electrical properties of the detecting elements to be changed easily. Nanotechnology controls matter at the atomic and molecular scale. Several applications of nanomaterials are used extensively in catalysis to boost up chemical reactions. Polymer based nanomaterials have high significance in Analytical Chemistry, separation process and research as they can amplify the sensitivity and improve the stability of traditional materials and methods. Nanomaterials are one of the best cleaning agent for the environment. They are used in water purification processes, detect chemical and biological agents in the soil and air, desalination. Materials can be made to be stronger, lighter, more durable, more reactive, better electrical conductors using nanotechnology.

Advanced Materials for Energy for alternative energy sources, need to make new discoveries for catalysts to convert feedstock’s into fuels, new architectures for better solar cells DSSC’s and materials for advanced energy storage, including lithium batteries. New high-tech materials are key to breakthroughs in biology, the environment, nuclear energy, transportation and national security. Energy Materials is making revolutionary advances in the science of materials discovery and synthesis.

1. Green Energy Materials
2. Batteries and Energy Storage materials
3. Graphene and 2D Energy Materials

Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology. Nanomedicine ranges from the medical applications of nanomaterials and biological devices, to nanoelectronic biosensors, and even possible future applications of molecular nanotechnology such as biological machines. About 70% of childhood cancer survivors experience side effects from their treatment, including secondary cancers. And as survival rates improve, the worldwide population of childhood cancer survivors is growing.